168 years of history at the Missouri State Penitentiary.
July 23, 2017
Touring an old prison may not be everyone’s idea of an adventure, but I found it fascinating! The Mo. State Penitentiary opened in Jefferson City, Missouri in 1836 and closed in 2004. Nowadays, with advance reservations, tours of the remaining buildings and grounds are given , many times by men who has previously worked as guards at the prison. Besides seeing the women and men’s cells, I saw the showers, the exercise yard, solitary, death row, the hole ( cells where the criminally insane lived ) and the gas chamber.
If these walls could talk….
The first and now oldest cell – each cell housed 6 men with a chamber pot, a bucket with drinking water, straw mattresses and no heat.
In 1842 the first women prisoner arrived. Having no place separate to house women, she was soon released.
In 1893 the prison fed and housed each inmate on 11 cents a day.
By 1900 there were 2200 prisoners.
In 1932 this prison was the largest in the country with 5200 inmates.
In 1954 the prison was national news due to rioting within the walls.
By 1967, Time magazine called this prison the bloodiest 47 acres in Missouri.
Prisoners were very clever and sneaky. They could turn most anything into a shank ( a weapon). Our guide told us of a previous inmate who came back to take a prison tour. He recalled to the guide where he had buried some shanks on the grounds when he was a prisoner. The guide went to the spot and , sure enough, they found the buried shanks, some of which are displayed on this board.
As Forrest Gump’s Mom said – “You can’t fix stupid.”
As a reminder to the tourists not to be stupid – warnings are posted everywhere not to close a cell door behind you. Still, our guide explained, there are people who do it anyway and get locked in the cells. The doors were designed to lock when closed. Over the years the hardware has rusted and / or been damaged and may not open so easily. He said some persons have had to wait up to 2 and 1/2 hours for help to get them out.
In certain areas, prisoners were allowed to paint and ” decorate” their cells for that “more homey” feel.
Cells were built to house 2 prisoners. But as the years went on and the prison became more crowded, the cells would hold 6.
Razor wire topped the prison ground walls to deter any ideas of climbing toward freedom.
If you happen to be a prisoner on suicide watch – you get a concrete bunk.
Mike was a stray cat who found a way onto the prison grounds and lived out the rest of his years there. Mike would make his predictable daily rounds collecting treats that prisoners saved for him. One prisoner made a ” back pack” of sorts for Mike and put cigarettes in it to be delivered to other inmates.
There were several note worthy prisoners who resided at this Missouri prison. To name a few – Pretty Boy Floyd arrived in 1925 for robbery, Sonny Liston in 1950 for robbery and larceny. Liston learned to box in prison and after being paroled, he went on to win the National Heavyweight Championship in Chicago in 1953. James Earl Ray arrived in 1959 after robbing a St. Louis Kroger store. In 1967, Ray escaped from the prison by hiding in a bread box that was loaded onto a truck and left the grounds. Nearly a year later , on Thursday, April 4, 1968, Ray assassinated Martin Luther King, Jr. in Memphis, Tennessee.
In 1954 prisoners rioted and burned many buildings with in the prison walls. Almost 2,500 rioters were on the loose inside the walls. Highway patrol troopers, Kansas City and St. Louis police, national guardsmen and local police were called to the scene. Troopers later stormed the grounds to gain control. In the end, , four inmates had been killed, and 50 injured. Only four officers had been injured. Damage was estimated to be as much as $5 million dollars.
For a fitting end ( of this posting) – between 1937 and 1989, 40 inmates were put to death in the gas chamber. After that all capital punishment inmates were moved to the new prison at Potosi.
Thanks for reading! Hope you found this interesting!
I also visited the Missouri State Penitentiary Museum , the Colonel Alvin Lubker Memorial Safety and Educational Center and the Museum of Missouri Military History on that quick trip to Jefferson City. All museums were free! Watch for those postings to follow.
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